Berlin
Details
- Names
Berlin
Berlino
- Place Type
- inhabited place
- Description
- The city of Berlin, coextensive with the state of Berlin, lies on both sides of the Spree River in its wide glacial valley in the center of unified Germany. Comprises 12 bezirke (boroughs), each of which contains a number of localities that may have historic roots in older municipalities that predate the formation of Greater Berlin in 1920. The area was originally two Wendish villages, Kölln and Berlin, were founded there in the 13th century, merged in the 14th century, and was named Berlin by the Hohenzollerns. It as strategically located at the center of the canal system of the Oder and Spree Rivers. Severely damaged in World War II; after the war, was divided into four occupation zones, each governed by one of the Allies. The Soviet-ruled East Berlin, together with the rest of East Germany, and West Berlin, a western enclave within East Germany, were governed separately from 1949. A concrete wall physically divided the city in 1961. The Berlin Wall and the political separation of the two parts of the city ended in 1989 as the communist eastern government collapsed. In 1990 the united Berlin became once again the capital of a united Germany. The largest city in Germany, its 2011 estimated population was 3.5 million.
- Authority
- Thesaurus of Geographic Names
- Source
- BHA, Authority file (1973-); Baedekers: Berlin (1965); Berlin, New York Times (1999); Canby, Historic Places (1984); Cassell's Italian Dictionary (1983); Klessmann, Berlin Gallery (1971); LC Name Authority Headings. [online] (2002-); NGA/NIMA database (2003-); National Archives and Record Administration database (1987-); Reunited, National Geographic (1991); Times Atlas of the World (1992); Webster's Geographical Dictionary (1984);
- Born
Ruth Bernhard (American, born Germany, 1905-2006)
Peter Dean (American, born Germany, 1939-1993)
Lucian Freud (British, born Germany, 1922-2011)
- Active
Max Beckmann (German, 1884-1950)
Chris Engman (American, born 1978)
Philippe Halsman (American, born Latvia, 1906-1979)
Jeppe Hein (Danish, born 1974)
Josef Hoffmann (Austrian, 1870-1956)
Nancy Reddin Kienholz (American, born 1943)
Meister Schulz, Berlin (German, active 20th century)
Richard Mosse (Irish, born 1980)
Paul Outerbridge (American, 1896-1958)
Alfred Ruckenbrod (German, active early 20th century)
- Died
Karl Hofer (German, 1878-1955)
Charles-François Lacroix (French, 1700-1782)
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